The Slaying of Sisupala

We have seen how a great threat was posed to the ritual of Rajasooya by Sisupala. One section of the assembled kings rose in his support. It appeared that the whole proceedings would end up with an open fight between his supporters and the defenders of the Rajasooya.

Yudhishthira was in anguish. He looked at the grand sire of the Kurus for guidance. Bhishma was unmoved by the threat from Sisupala. He consoled the Pandava that Krishna would, ultimately, settle the matter.

Hearing these words, Sisupala’s anger towards Bhishma rose even further. He started listing all what he thought were the misdeeds of Bhishma.

Bheema could not stand the impunity of Sisupala. He rushed towards Sisupala in extreme anger ready to put an end to his life. It was with great difficulty that Bhishma could pull him back. Then he told all around him about the birth of Sisupala.

Sisupala was born to the king of Chedi in an aunt of Krishna. There was a prophecy soon after his birth that the prince would meet his end at the hands of Krishna. This saddened the noble queen of Chedi. She got a promise from Krishna that he would not kill her son unless there was extreme provocation. Krishna gave his word that he would tolerate Sisupala one hundred times, but, not more. Bhishma knew that the king of Chedi was about to cross his limits this time.

Telling this story of the birth of the Chedi prince Bhishma challenged him and all his supporters to face Krishna if they dared. Sisupala took up the challenge and turned towards Krishna. He started going into what he thought were the faults of Krishna. He accused Krishna for taking away his betrothed, Rukmini, in a cowardly fashion.

Rukmini was the princess of Vidarbha. Her brother, Rukmi, wanted to give her in marriage to his friend, Sisupala. But, Rukmini had set her heart on Krishna. Rukmi had arranged her marriage, against her wish, to the prince of Chedi. Rukmini, in distress, sent a message to her lover through a Brahmin that unless Krishna came to her rescue she would end her life. She had also given hints on the course Krishna could take. Accordingly, Krishna came on the day of her marriage and carried her away while she was on her way to the temple. This earned him the perpetual enmity of her brother, Rukmi, and of the prince of Chedi.

Blaming Krishna for this act of cowardice, Sisupala turned to him with a war cry. Krishna wasted no time and sent his disc, shining like the rising sun, towards Sisupala and chopped his head off his neck. All those kings who had risen in his support did not dare to pose any further challenge to the combined might of Krishna and the Pandavas.

The grand ritual of Rajasooyam continued after that with no further obstacles and was concluded in due course. Krishna took leave of the Pandavas soon after and returned to Dwaraka. All other invited guests also went back to their respective lands. Only two remained behind – Duryodhana and his cunning uncle, Sakuni.

Thus ends Vedavyasa “the chapter on the Slaying of Sisupala (Sisupala Vadha Parvam”.

The Most Honoured Guest at the Rajasooya

The first ritual at Rajasooya was to honour one among the assembled as the most important personality. Bheeshma asked Yudhishthira to choose one whom he considered to be the most respected. The Pandava wanted to know Bheeshma’s view on this.

A vote for Krishna

Bheeshma had no hesitation to propose Krishna for the honour. Yudhishthira was very happy with the idea. He asked Sahadeva, accordingly, to give the central seat to Krishna and worship him as per the custom followed in Rajasooyam.

Sisupala objects

Sisupala, the king of Chedi, was furious by the choice. He thought that there were many eminent kings in the assembly and one among them would have been a better choice. He did not even consider Krishna worthy to be a king. Sisupala ridiculed Bheeshma for making an improper suggestion and Yudhishthira for thoughtlessly accepting it. He also made fun of Sahadeva for blindly performing an ill advised course of action.
But, Bheeshma firmly defended his position and narrated all the heroic deeds of Krishna. Sahadeva took Sisupala’s objection as an insult and suggested that those who did not like Krishna being honoured were welcome to leave the place. These words from the youngest of Pandavas angered the king of Chedi even further. Sisupala asked all those who were assembled to disrupt the proceedings of Rajasooya. Quite a few joined hands with him and rose in revolt.

(With this ends the chapter of “Objection to the choice of VIP or Arghyabhiharana Parvam”)

Preparations for Rajasooya

Yudhishthira had ruled admirably his half of the Kuru land. He had followed the science of governance to the letter. As a result every one lived happily. There was not even a mention of crime of any sort all through the kingdom. Reward came down from heaven for the just rule in the form of timely rains in the right quantity. Farmers worked hard on the land and produced food in abundance. The merchants carried their trade honestly and thus there was prosperity all through the kingdom. People gave their dues to the king happily and the wealth brought home through the victories of the Pandavas added to the otherwise overflowing treasury.

Krishna arrives

Yudhishthira thought that the time was right for performing the Rajasooya. His ministers were totally in agreement. Krishna arrived one day with Balarama carrying loads of gifts for the ceremony, as though reading the mind of the Pandava. Yudhishthira wanted the final word from Krishna to go ahead. Krishna was in full support for the venture. Dhaumya was the chief priest of the Pandavas and was in complete charge of the rituals. He decided who were all the priests to conduct the ceremony. Yudhishthira entrusted the task of inviting them to Sahadev. The sons of Pandavas were given the charge of arranging all the materials as demanded by the royal priest.
All the leading authorities on rituals of the time soon arrived on invitation. Vedavyasa was one among them. The special platform (Yajna sala) was built as specified by them. Sahadeva was then asked to invite the rulers of the nearby and far off lands. Messengers were dispatched to each kingdom for the purpose. Houses were built in anticipation to accommodate them.
Other brahmins came on their own accord hearing of the great sacrifice. They were housed suitably, given excellent food and properly entertained.

Arrival of the Kauravas

Nakula was sent to Hastinapuri to invite the Kauravas. Bheeshma, Drona, Vidura, Sakuni and Dhritarashtra with all his sons were all specially invited. They soon arrived carrying suitable gifts. Yudhishthira prostrated before his elders and took their permission to start the ceremony. He then assigned suitable responsibilities to the Kauravas.

When the sacrificial house (Sala) was ready Yudhishthira entered into it in the company of all the priests and invited kings. He was made to take the necessary vow before beginning the rituals.

Vyasa ends the chapter called “Rajasooya Parvam” in this manner.

Victory march of the Pandavas

With the killing of Jarasandha by Bheema, Krishna removed the main obstacle to establish the supremacy of Pandavas in preparation for the Rajasooya ritual. Thus ends the chapter “Jarasandha Vadha Parvam (killing of Jarasandha)”.

Yudhishthira , then, sent his four brothers to win over the other kingdoms. The chapter “winning over kings in all directions (Digjaya Parvam)” has description of various kingdoms and their rulers in each of the four directions. It also tells us what challenges the Pandavas faced in each.

Arjuna went North. He crossed the river Ganga and various mountain ranges and won the subordination of all on the way. Thus he reached the extreme boundary of the Himalayas in the north.

Bheema proceeded to the East. He won over the Panchalas, Videhas and so on until he reached the land of the Chedis. Sisupala who was the king there offered stiff resistance to Bheema. The Pandava won over the king. Bheema also fought and defeated the Paundraka Vasudeva. He reached the Vanga land and the other countries in the far east.

Sahadeva went in the southern direction. He met the rulers of Matsya, Pandya, Dravida, Andhra and Kerala and established victory over all.

Nakula went west. He went through the kingdoms of such rulers as Dasarna, Trigartha Malawa, Huna and so on.

The four Pandavas returned back establishing supremacy over the rulers in all the four directions and brought loads of wealth by way of tax.With this Vyasa ends the chapter of “winning over kings in all directions or Digjaya Parvam”.

Birth of Pooru

We have heard about the story of two great kings in the dynasty of Kauravas and Pandavas are about to learn about the third, Pooru. We continue with the story of Sarmishtha and Devayani in www.kunjunny.blogspot.com end with the story of Pooru.

Story of Yayati continues

Please read on the story of Yayati in www.kunjunny.blogspot.com

The Encounter with Jarasandha

Krishna got Yudhidhthira’s permission to challenge Jarasandha with support from Bheema and Arjuna. He knew that the king of Magadha was invincible in an open war. Krishna had tried that several times in the past and failed. But, he knew that Bheema with his superior strength could face the Magadha chief and defeat him.

Visitors in disguise

What should his approach be to the enemy ? The capital city of Magadha was well secured by several moats and high walls. Strong contingents of army were posted at every gate. If they went as warriors, they would face several unnecessary challenges before meeting the king. So, Krishna decided that the three of them go as Brahmins.

They went through the gates of the city and were taken to the king. Jarasandha received them with respect. But, he was suspicious. Though dressed as Brahmins, they bore scars from the constant use of weapons. So, he asked them for the truth.

A dual as alms

Krishna spoke on behalf of the rest. He confessed that they were, in fact, rulers disguised as Brahmins. He introduced himself and the two Pandavas. He then told him that they came to challenge him for a dual. He could choose any of them as opponent.
Jarasandha accepted the challenge. But, he wondered why they bothered. What wrong had he done to them?

Krishna explained that the king had kept several rulers in his jail with the idea of offering them in human sacrifice to his favourite deity. That was totally against the ethics of war. Krishna’s mission was to defeat Jarasandha and release all his prisoners from bondage.
Jarasandha did not agree to Krishna’s accusations. He argued that it was his right to do whatever he liked with enemies he defeated in straight combats.

Two lions locked in combat

But, he was a noble king and a brave one, too. He found that it was only Bheema who could offer some resistance to him. So, he picked Bheema out and offered a dual to him.

The two started wrestling against each other. They were evenly matched in strength and tactics. The fight lasted several days. Even days of fighting did not diminish Bheema’s strength. But, the Magadha king started showing signs of weakness. Krishna hinted to Bheema that it was time that he used all his strength and finished off his enemy.

Then, as though by a miracle, Bheema grew even stronger. He lifted his foe and threw him down on earth and broke his bones. He tore the king of Magadha into two pieces from head down to his toe along the same line through which he was joined by the demon, Jara. Thus, the king of Magadha was killed.

A mission accomplished

When the mighty king was killed all his ministers and general came and bowed before the three in subjugation. Krishna ordered all the kings locked in jails to be released immediately. The former rulers were grateful to Krishna and the Pandavas for their freedom and their very lives. They were willing to do anything in return for the great help. Krishna mentioned the forthcoming Rajasooya of Yudhishthira and requested for all necessary assistance at that time.

Krishna accomplished several objectives in one stroke. Jarasandha would have certainly become a stumbling block to the great sacrificial ritual of the Pandavas. He also would be a formidable enemy in a future war that the Pandavas were likely to wage against the Kauravas. The alliance of all the released rulers would become a great asset for either of the two events.

With the mission accomplished Krishna returned to Indraprastha with his Pandava friends.

The Story of Puru

We shall cover the story of Puru, one of the famous ancestors of the Pandavas and Kauravas in a few episodes. The first one is in already under the title "Kacha and Devayani". Please refer kunjunny.blogspot.com

A Grand Royal Sacrificial Ritual

Sage Narada arrives

One day the sage from heaven, Narada, paid an unexpected visit to the Pandavas in Indraprastha. There were some other famous sages with him. Yudhishthira and his brothers paid obeisance to the sages. After refreshing himself, Narada got into a long chat with the Pandavas. The sage was well known for his wisdom. He was widely travelled and had met many famous rulers.

Narada first briefed Yudhishthira on the fine points of statecraft. The topics like how a model king should deal with his ministers, soldiers, ordinary citizens and even enemies were covered by the sage. Yudhishthira was a keen listener. There were a few doubts that lingered in the king’s mind. Narada went into further details about them.

Then, the Pandava asked Narada about the various assembly halls the sage would have seen during his wanderings. Narada explained the ones in the abodes of the guardian gods of the four sides (Indra, of East; Yama , the god of death of South; Varuna, the god of oceans of the West and Vaisravana , the god of wealth of North) and of Brahma (the creator and the god of the world above). Narada concluded his long description by complimenting the hall of the Pandavas as superior to all the above.

Rajasooya – the royal sacrificial ritual

Narada lastly mentioned that he had met Pandu, the deceased parent of the Panadavas in heaven just before the sage set forth from there. Pandu had suggested that his son was qualified to perform the great ceremony called Rajasooya and he should not hesitate to do that. With those words the sage took leave of the Pandavas.

Yudhishthira ponders

The words of his father, conveyed through Narada made the Pandava thoughtful. Rajasooya, no doubt, was one of the highest form of rituals performed by kings. But, it was also the most difficult. It lasted several days and cost a lot of money. The most difficult task was that supremacy over all the kingdoms, as far away as one could reach, had to be established first. The performing ruler would be declared an emperor at the end. Only one king had done that before him. Yudhishthira wondered whether he was equipped to accomplish all that.
The king consulted his brothers, ministers and the royal priests. All were in full agreement that the king deserved the honour and was capable to perform one. Yudhishthira was still not sure. So, he sent a messenger requesting Krishna to come and give the right advice to him.

Krishna arrives

Krishna was also of the opinion that Yudhishthira should go ahead with Rajasooya. He had to vanquish all the adversaries.. That should not pose a problem for the Pandavas. But, Krishna warned them about king Jarasandha of Magadha.
Jarasandha

When requested Krishna told te Pandavas the birth of Jarasandha. The king of Magadha, by name, Jayadratha, had married two daughters of the king of Kasi. Even after long married life he got no children. He was sorry that he would die with no heir for the throne.

Then, one day he met a sage doing penance below a mango tree. The king honoured the sage by making valuable offerings to him. The sage was pleased. He realized that the king was desperate to get a child. So, the sage gave him one ripe mango and asked him to give it to his wife.
Jarasandha, accordingly, gave the mango to his wifes to share. They cut the mango into two and each ate one half. Soon, both the queens became expectant mothers. They gave birth in due course, but, each to one half of a male child. The queens got scared and discarded the new born in a nearby forest.

A demon by name Jara joined the two halves and a strong and handsome boy evolved out of the union. The demon, then, gave the boy to the king. Because he was joined (Sandha) by Jara he was named Jarasandha. The boy grew to be so strong that soon he started defeating all the kings far and near. His jail was filled with defeated royals.

Kamsa had married Jarasandha’s two daughters. After Krishna killed Kamsa, his wives went to their father and reported the matter to him. Jarasandha was furious and marched to Mathura with a huge army. Krishna himself was defeated by Jarasandha on several occasions from that time. The threat from him was such that Krishna had to abandon Mathura, his original home, and build a new abode in Dwaraka.

But, Krishna was confident that Bheema with due support from himself and Arjuna would defeat Jarasandha. But, that had to be done tactfully.

Yudhishthira reluctant

Krishna’s words could inspire Yudhishthira to some extent. But, he did not want to risk the lives of Krishna, Arjuna and Bheema for his sake. But, Arjuna consoled him by supporting Krishna’s view.

Finally, Yudhishthira consented to the great sacrifice. The Pandavas then started the preparations for the ceremony.

Thus ends “the chapter of the Preparation for Rajasooya (Rajasooya Samarambha Parvam)”

Maya Builds the Assembly Hall

We start a new Book of Mahabharata called “The Assembly Hall “ or “Sabha Parvam”.

Krishna returns to Dwaraka

Khandava was successfully burned down and Agni (the god of fire) was greatly pleased. Krishna and Arjuna received weapons of exceptional power from Varuna (the god of water) for the task. Krishna also got a commitment from Maya, the architect builder of the demons to erect an assembly hall for the Pandavas in Indraprastha. With all that accomplished Krishna thought that it was time for him to return to his abode.

He bowed before his elders like Kunti and embraced Arjuna and his younger brothers. He also bid farewell to Draupadi and his sister, Subhadra. Then Krishna took leave. Yudhishthira drove Krishna’s chariot, by way of courtesy, for a distance. Arjuna swayed the Chamara (a special royal fan ) for Krishna. The other Pandavas in the company of the royal priests followed the party. After a couple of miles Krishna insisted that the Pandava group should return to their palace.

Krishna, in due course, reached Dwaraka and paid respects to his parents, elder brother and other seniors in his abode.

The Building of the Assembly Hall

Meanwhile, Maya started his project in full swing. He told the Pandavas of the precious collection of jewels and equipment in a lake on the Mainaka mountain north of the Himalayas. He went to the place and collected what all he needed with permission from the Pandavas. He came back, in addition to his building materials, with a special mace for Bheema and a conch with name Devadatta for Arjuna.

Maya took about fourteen months to complete his work. When it was finished there was nothing equal to it either in this world or in others. It covered an area so huge that the perimeter measured ten thousand arm lengths. The floor was done with such fine material and polished so well that people mistook it to be a pond at places. Artificial ponds were dug at other places which made the confusion even worse. The pillars were brought directly from the Mainaka mountain and were studded with brilliant jewels. Sentries kept guard at places. At others natural looking human models stood holding weapons. Some of the ponds had swans swimming in them. The artificial ones had models of cranes and ducks looking as though afloat on the surface. The total effect of the assembly hall made visitors dumbfounded with awe and admiration.

The official inauguration

Yudhishthira gave a feast to ten thousand Brahmins on an auspicious day to mark the official entry into the hall built by Maya. Valuable gifts were given freely to guests. There was good music of various sorts and dancing with abandon. Priests performed auspicious rituals. Then, Yudhishthira entered the hall with the royal priests and his brothers. Several invited princes came to attend the official ceremony. Yudhishthira sat on the central seat in the assembly. The other Pandavas had special seats reserved for them. The priests were also given important seats near the king. The invited princes occupied other seats. Prominent citizen stood at a distance in due honour to the reigning monarch. Thus, the assembly hall was officially opened with a lot of fun and fanfare.

We shall soon see how this hall also played a part in the making of the war between the sons of Pandu and Dhritarashtra.

Thus ends the chapter called “the building of the assembly hall or Sabha Kriya Parvam”.

Maya’s gift

We have seen how Maya the Silpi ( the architect builder )of demons was trapped in the Khandava forest and how he was saved by Arjuna. Maya was extremely grateful to Arjuna and wanted to do a favour to him in return. But, Arjuna turned down the offer. Arjuna, when he insisted, suggested that Maya could make the offer to Krishna.

Krishna thought for a while and suggested that the Architect of demons could build an assembly hall for the Pandavas. Maya was quite happy to do that.

Work started soon on a hall in Indraprastha that could excel any in the three worlds. An auspicious day was chosen and liberal gifts were offered to Brahmins for their blessings.
Indra was also highly pleased with Krishna and Arjuna and asked them for any boon that they desired. Krishna simply said that he would like his friendship with Arjuna to remian with the two of them for ever. Indra gave his blessing to Krishna for that.

Arjuna asked for special weapons in the possession of Indra. The king of god agreed to give him what he asked for, but, at a later date.

Vaisampayana, the narrator of the Bharata story to Janamejaya, also told the king of the long story of the Sarngaka birds and how they escaped the fire in the Khandava forest.

With that ends the “Chapter on the encounter with Maya or Maya Darshana Parvam”.. Also ends with this “The First Book” of Mahabharata or “Aadi Parvam”.

The burning down of Khandava

Krishna and Arjuna stood guard right outside the Khandava forest . They were fully prepared with their newly acquired weapons to help Agni, the god of fire. Arjuna had tied the string to his Gandiva bow and had a new stock of limitless arrows in his quiver. Krishna was ready with the Sudarsana disc. Then, Agni started burning down the forest.

Krishna and Arjuna made quick circles around the forest making sure that no animals escaped. Huge trees were up in flames and reduced to ashes. Birds, animals and serpents of all types were consumed by the fire.

The heat from the fire rose skywards. Even the gods couldn't bear the heat. They went and complained to Indra. The god of kings was angry fearing that his protégé, the serpent Takshama, might be in peril. So, he collected thick dark clouds and started heavy downpour.
Arjuna was ready for that. From his Gandiva he launched arrows in quick succession and framed an umbrella above the burning forest. The roaring fire then engulfed the forest with fury.
The gods refused to tolerate his insolence. They made a battle formation in the sky and dispatched divine weapons targeting Krishna and Arjuna. Arjuna’s arrows first cleared the sky of the thick clouds and then found the targets in the divine foes. They could not stand the onslaught much longer and took shelter behind Indra.

That made Indra feel proud of his son, Arjuna. At the same time, he wouldn't accept defeat. He climbed on his white elephant and faced Arjuna and Krishna. He was about to hurl his weapon Vajra (the thunder bolt) at Arjuna. Then, all the gods heard a voice from above saying that the pair of Krishna and Arjuna would be invincible even by gods in war. There was no need to fear for the life of Takshaka, said the voice, because he was not in the forest at that time.
Indra was pleased with that news. By then Agni had consumed most of the forest by his flames and was satisfied.

A friend of Takshaka, by name Maya, who was the chief architect builder of the demons was living as guest in his abode in Khandava. Maya could not stand the fire any more and tried to flee. Krishna was about to send his disc at him. Maya cried for Arjuna’s help. It was the duty of a Kshatriya (a warrior) to protect those who sought refuge. So, Arjuna prevented Krishna from harming Maya. Thus, the demon was saved. Also saved were the children of Takshaka who hid themselves in a deep furrow and waited for the fire to die down. The rest of the forest was burnt down completely.

With this ends the Chapter on the Burning down of the Khandava forest (“Khandava Dava Parvam”)

Visit to the Khandava forest

The Pandavas were living happily in Indraprastha. Yudhishthira ruled the land as an able king. He was an embodiment of Dharma or righteous living. Everyone enjoyed life under his rule. There was peace and prosperity throughout the kingdom.

Krishna had come to spend a few days with his cousins, specially, with his dear friend, Arjuna. It was peak summer and it was hot. Arjuna one day suggested to Krishna that they go to river Yamuna to engage in various water sports. Krishna was in full agreement. They took permission from Yudhishthira and the two set out with their close
friends.

The Khandava forest

There was a forest by name Khandava on one side of Yamuna. Huge trees with intertwining creepers made the forest almost impenetrable. All sorts of wild animals lived in the depth of the forest. There was a temporary shelter in the forest close to the shores of the river. The party roamed about the forest and enjoyed themselves. They would retire to the shelter for refreshments. Then, they swam in the cool waters of the river and spent time happily.

It was then that a Brahmin approached them. He had an aura around him and shone like the rising sun. Krishna and Arjuna got up in respect and received him cordially.

The Brahmin asked for alms from Arjuna and Krishna. Brahmins lived those days mainly by begging for their daily food and that was a time honoured practice. The Kshatriyas, or the royals, protected them and offered help whenever necessary and possible.

A distinguished guest

What type of food would satisfy him? Asked, Arjuna and Krishna. Then the Brahmin introduced himself and told them of his mission. He was Agni, the guardian god of fire. Agni’s duty is to swallow anything that is burnt. He is a busy god rushing to places where rituals are performed in fire. Whatever that is offered in the fire is first consumed quickly by Agni. Only the essence, after digesting, reaches the god to whom the offering is directed. Agni is always the intermediary. He has to quickly reach the next sacrificial fire and do his duty there, too.

With an extraordinary taste

He now wanted to consume the whole of the Khandava forest. They were his alms.
Why should he be so keen to burn the entire forest down ? To that question, Agni told his story. Long ago there was a king named Swetaki. He performed years of sacrifices in fire with the help of sage Durvasa. There was so much that was offered that Agni developed an indigestion ! Nothing would cure the god of his disease. He grew pale day by day and lost interest in food altogether.

Agni , finally, approached Brahma and told him of his condition. It was in the interest of all gods that the god of fire maintained good appetite and health. Brahma thought for a while and came up with the solution. Agni should consume the whole of the Khandava forest. That forest was unique in its variety of medicinal plants. The marrow of the animals who found shelter there also served as excellent cure for his acute indigestion.

Agni’s problem

Agni tried. Every time he started the sky would break down with torrential rain. The problem was that the serpent Takshaka lived in that forest. Indra, the rainmaker god, was his intimate friend. No sooner had Agni started enjoying his diet of the Khandava forest, than Indra would start heavy downpour. He tried many times with the same result.

It was Brahma, who himself, suggested to Agni to approach Arjuna and Krishna for help.

Special equipment

Arjuna and Krishna agreed to help. The two made a plan. But, they would need extraordinary weapons for a task like that. Arjuna would need a quiver with inexhaustible supply of arrows. He would also need a bow strong enough to dispatch arrows in quick succession. Krishna needed a weapon to finish off the escaping animals. The two also needed a chariot that would take them from place to place instantaneously.

Gift from Varuna

Agni, the god of fire remembered his friend, Varuna, who was the god of death and had a stock of special weapons. Agni approached him through a prayer. Varuna appeared and listened to Agni’s reqirement. He brought out the divine bow called Gandiva and a quiver of infinite number of arrows. He also produced a chariot with four white horses of unparallel prowess. The chariot was adorned with a banner with a monkey as its symbol. He gave these to Arjuna. These became his hallmark in all the wars Arjuna waged thenceforth. He also came to be known by names like Gaandeevi, or one with the Gandiva bow and Kapidhwaja or one whose chariot has a monkey on the banner.

Varuna also gave Krishna a disc called Sudarshana. Krishna, similarly, became famous by the name of Chakrapani or one who holds a disc in hand as weapon. With these weapons in hand Arjuna and Krishna set out on the task of helping Agni in burning the forest.

Welcome to Subhadra

Arjuna asked Subhadra to halt the chariot just outside Indraprastha. How could he make his appearance after the long stay outside with new a wife, even though he had taken prior permission ? The initial reaction could be embarrassing for Subhadra. Draupadi, especially, might feel hurt and speak harsh words.

Arjuna thought of a plan. He found a group of milkmaids around and asked Subhadra to go ahead disguised as one . He requested the milkmaids to give company to Subhadra.
Subhadra did exactly so. She went and greeted Kunti first without revealing her identity. Then, she went to Draupadi and told her that she was there to serve her as her maid. Both Kunti and Draupadi were pleased and blessed her for a long married life as per the custom.

It was then that Arjuna made his entry. Everyone was overjoyed to see him after years of absence. Arjuna paid respects to his elders as per the order and received love from his younger brothers. Only then they realized that it was Subhadra, Arjuna’s new wife, who came ahead of him. She was, after all Kunti’s niece and Pandava’s cousin. Now, she has come as Arjuna’s wife. How nice !

The wedding gifts

Soon after Arjuna left Krishna managed to convince all the Yadava chiefs that they should be pleased to get the best of Pandavas as husband for Subhadra. He also insisted that they should keep their honour by taking appropriate wedding gifts to Subhadra in person. He had his way in the end.

Krishna, Balarama and other Yadava chiefs went with an army of four divisions (Chaturanga) right behind Arjuna with various valuable gifts consisting of elephants, horses and cattle and precious jewellery. When the initial excitement of meeting Arjuna was over the people of Indraprastha noticed the arrival of the Yadava army. It was not an invading army, but, one that came with loads of valuable gifts. The army was lead by their dear Krishna and Balarama. The initial mood of surprise soon changed to excitement . The gifts were accepted with grace and the visitors were entertained with good food and drinks. Precious gifts were given to them in return.

By then, Subhadra was already accepted as one of the family, being the new wife of Arjuna.

Pandava’s children

Subhadra gave birth to a child within a year. He was as handsome as Arjuna and grew equally skilled. He was named Abhimanyu. The boy became the pet of all the Pandavas and even of the people outside. He would turn out to be the hero of one of the most memorable and deciding battles of the Bharata war.

Panchali bore five sons, one from each of the Pandavas, with a gap of one year in between. They were named Prativindhya, Sutasoma, Srutakarma, Sataneeka and Srutasena respectively.
Arjuna, himself, taught archery to the six children. Abhimanyu excelled all the others and became equal to Arjuna in that art.

(Thus Vedavyasa ends "Harana aharana Parvam, the chapter of elopement and taking home")

Escape to Indraprastha

Arjuna knew that he should anticipate stiff challenge from the Yadavas. He was ready for it. But, Who would drive the chariot ?

Subhadra used to hear from her childhood days about various heroic wars that Arjuna waged and won and she somehow had wished if she could one day drive his chariot ! It was only a dream, but, that had given her the inspiration to learn the skill. Krishna could always read her thoughtsand gave her encouragement.

When the two were left to defend themselves Subhadra offered Arjuna that she would drive the chariot so that her husband could face any challenges.

Some of the Yadavas who remained behind in Dwaraka learnt about the sudden departure of the monk with Subhadra and suspected foul play. They collected an army and came after Arjuna challenging him for a fight. Soon, they encircled the chariot. Subhadra felt sorry for them as they were her own people and were no match for her hero. Arjuna smiled and said that she could watch his skill with arrows and see that he would turn them all back without even hurting anyone. It was just how that happened. Arjuna’s arrows reached the targets with just enough force to disarm the enemies. Some even had their armous pierced. But, no one was hurt.

The defeated Yadavas returned to Dwaraka and raised a big alarm in the city. A message was sent to the island to Krishna and Balarama about the disappearance of the monk with their sister.

All the Yadavas came back to Dwaraka in a hurry and in anger. They knew by then that it was Arjuna who came in the disguise of a monk and stole Subhadra. They all wanted to take revenge.
Balabhadra spoke to Krishna. He had consulted Krishna first on entertaining the monk. Now, his friend , Arjuna, had tricked them and shamed the whole race by stealing their princess. Saying so, Balarama roared with rage and encouraged the rest of Yadavas to give a hot chase on Arjuna.
But, Krishna pacified him and all others with his calm words. He did not encourageat at first, leaving the monk in Subhadra’s care. It was Balarama’s idea, against his own warning. Now, what was to happen had happened. But, was any harm done ? The Yadavas would not have got a better groom than Arjuna , on earth or even in heaven. And , who could fight and defeat the invincible Arjuna ? It would simply bring further shame, if they went and were defeated.

Many ignored the wise counsel of Krishna and went after Arjuna. But, they all came back in no time totally defeated.

The chariot carrying Arjuna and Subhadra reached Indraprastha in due course without meeting further resistance from the Yadavas.

(Refer to kunjunny.blogspot.com for the “The serpent sacrifice of Janamejaya” and “the birth of Bharata”)

The Elopement

Arjuna had started from Indraprastha, which is nearly close to Delhi, in the north of present day India. He covered the north, east and south of India and reached Dwaraka in the west. He met Krishna there. Krishna took him to his palace. That is the story so far.

A mountain festival

Two races of Yadavas, the Vrishnis and the Andhakas, lived in the capital city, Dwaraka. The Yadavas were about to celebrate a festival in the Raivataka mountain near there. Many of their chiefs had gathered in the mountain. Temporary shelters were built for them and the whole place was decorated. Musicians came singing and playing various instruments. Balarama was there with his wife, Revati, fully intoxicated as usual.
Krishna was giving out various gifts to Brahmins when Arjuna came there disguised as a monk.

Arjuna met Krishna in the company of many of his formerYadava friends there. His heart was filled with joy, but, he did not give any hint of recognition. It was for the first time he
met Subhadra and his love for her became more intense. Krishna made fun of him when alone in his company, saying it was improper for a monk to desire a woman. Then he gave a hint to Arjuna. There were two acceptable ways of marriage for Kshatriyas (the princely class), by Swayamvara and by Harana (elopement).Arjuna got the message, but, wanted to consult his elder brothers first.

Krishna helped Arjuna with secret messengers to get the consent of the other Pandavas.

A month of rituals

The mountain festival came to an end and all returned to Dwaraka. Arjuna came back to his old seat in front of the palace. Many Yadavas, including Balarama, gathered around him and wanted to hear his travel details. Which were the important centres of pilgrimage that he visited during his travel ?

Balarama was impressed with the monk. He had divine appearance and spoke like one. His travel tales were highly informative. He called Krishna and introduced him to the monk !

Balaarama was aware that monks have special rituals, called Chaaturmaasya, during one particular month each year and that, that month had arrived. They have to remain in one particular place during the month and cannot beg around for their daily meal. The Yadavas, thought Balarama, had the responsibility to take care of their visiting monk now.

Where should he be housed ? Balarama thought that Subhadra’s palace was the right choice. She would take good care of the noble monk. Krishna gave an innocent warning to his elder brother. Would that be proper? The monk, after all, was young and handsome. Should he be allowed to live in the house of the princess ? Krishna’s objections were overruled by Balarama. The monk appeared above board in these matters. Accordingly, Arjuna was accommodated in Subhadra’s palace and she was asked to look after him.

Arjuna in Subhadra’s care

Krishna gave detailed instructions to his sister on how to take good care of her guest. Subhadra promised him to do her best. Arjuna, who was already smitten by the love bug, lost his mind completely to Subhadra when she started looking after him.

Subhadra , finding the monk relaxed after meals, used to ask him about his travel stories. She had heard stories of the Pandavas right from her childhood. Arjuna was her hero. Somehow, the handsome figure of the monk with his long arms reminded her of Arjuna. She wanted to hear about the Pandavas from him. Had he been to Indrapastha ? How were the Pandavas after returning from their exile ? How was Yudhishthira ruling their half of kingdom ? She also had heard about Arjuna’s self imposed exile. Where would he be travelling now ?

To the last question the monk’s reply was that Arjuna was living comfortably in Dwaraka as a fake monk ! That was how Arjuna revealed his secret to her. He also told her that Arjuna in disguise was deeply in love with her and his only thought was how to marry her. With that he left Subhadra to recover from her embarrassment and lose herself in her own private feelings.

Sudddenly, Subhadra’s feelings towards Arjuna, which were in the form of hero worship and admiration took concrete form as love. She thought only of him while alone. To the repeated questions from her mother, Devaki, Subhadra had to tell her story and how that was linked to the monk in her house, who was none other than Arjuna. Devaki and Vasudeva took Krishna’s help in the matter.

The island festival

Krishna was not sure how his elder brother would take a direct approach at that stage. So, he thought of a plan. He announced a festival to be held to honour the deity of Siva in a nearby island. All should gather there. Accordingly, all the Yadavas got into yachts and set sail to the island. Subhadra, remained to serve the monk as per Krishna’s orders.
After the Pooja was conducted all the Yadavas got into a festive mood. Excellent food and wine were served to all.

The marriage

Arjuna thought that the time had come for his marrying Subhadra in the Gandharva style
(mutually consented marriage). He suggested a date that was auspicious as per astrology.(Indian epics give clue to dates of events by pointing out the unique position of stellar objects. The date of marriage with Subhadra has one such indication). Subhadra was in agreement, was sad that none of her people were around for the occasion. She thought of her parents and her brothers. Krishna sensed Subhadra’s tellipathic message. Balarama was deep in sleep resulting from heavy drinking. He left him there and returned to Dwraka with his parents and a few of his trusted companions.

Arjuna thought of his father, the king of gods. Indra appeared immediately with his wife, Sacheedevi and some of the celestial sages like Narada. The Yadavas who had gathered there paid respects to the sages and gods and requested them to conduct the marriage in the proper way. Thus, the marriage of Subhadra with Arjuna was performed in the presence of divinities from the other world.

Krishna gave his own chariot to Arjuna and asked him to make an escape before he was possibly challenged by other Yadavas. He would follow him with others soon.
That was how the marriage of Arjuna with Subhadra was held with Krishna’s help.

Arjuna's Exile

Sage Narada had set down certain rules for the Pandavas to follow in their relationship with Draupadi. It was going fine for a few months.

One day Arjuna heard the loud voice of a Brahmin. Some thieves had stolen his cows. He was complaining about the lawlessness in the land of Pandavas. Who would protect the common people, if the king did not do his duty ? Why did people contribute the prescribed one-sixth of income as tax to the royal treasury ?

Yudhishthira was living with Draupadi during that period. Arjuna knew that he had to act quickly. But, the common armory was stored in the house in which Yudhishthira lived with the queen. Arjuna was in a dilemma. Should he go in and break the terms set by Narada ? Or could he ignore the pleas of the Brahmin ?

With a lot of hesitation Arjuna decided to do his duty as prince to his subject in distress. He went into the house and collected some bows, arrows and other necessary weapons. Yudhishthira saw Arjuna , but, only smiled at him as he did not think that Arjuna violated his privacy in essence.
Arjuna finished his task within no time and apologized to his eldest brother. That was nothing of any significance, assured his brother. But, Arjuna insisted that he broke his own pledge and that he should get the penalty. In spite of genuine protests from Yudhishthira, Arjuna decided to go on a pilgrimage for the prescribed twelve years.

Uloopi, the Naga princess

Arjuna left the palace and traveled to the shores of Ganga. Many Brahmins accompanied him. They told old stories among themselves and moved forth observing beautiful scenery on the way. When they reached the holy river the group decided to spend some time there.
One day Arjuna was having his bath in the river. He felt someone pulling him down. His efforts to free himself had no effect. Soon, he found himself in the land of Nagas, the serpents, in the river bottom. He was being dragged down by a beautiful damsel. She introduced herself as Uloopi, the daughter of a Naga king. She had been observing Arjuna having daily bath in Ganga and fell in deep love with him. She wanted the Pandava prince to marry her.
Arjuna tried to explain that he was on a pilgrimage and that he had a lot of travel to do. The Naga princess, having divine powers, knew all that. She pleaded for Arjuna’s sympathy for her love-torn heart. Finally, Arjuna thought that it was his Dharma to not turn away a damsel in distress. They stayed together just for one night and a son was born to the couple by name Iravan. Uloopi was happy and gave Arjuna a blessing that he would be invincible under water. Then she brought Arjuna back to the shores of Ganga and left him there. This Uloopi fought and won many battles with the Pandavas in the Mahabharata war.

Marriage with Chitrangada

Arjuna then proceeded eastwards in the company of Brahmins keeping the Himalaya valley to his left. He came across several sacred pilgrimage centres like Gaya and crossed many famous rivers on the way. They traveled through the kingdoms of Anga, Vanga (Bengal) and Kalinga (Orissa) and reached the city of Manipura. Arjuna bid good bye to most of his Brahmin companions and entered the city retaining only a few.

King Chitrangada ruled the land of which Manipura was the capital. The king had a daughter by the same name, Chitrangada. Arjuna happened to meet her and was drawn to the princess.
The Pandava approached the king and asked for his daughter’s hand in marriage. The king, knowing the greatness of Arjuna, did not object to the alliance. But, Chitrangada was his only child. Arjuna could not take her away. Besides, only a child born to her would help continue the royal family line. So, he demanded Arjuna to be with his daughter until she bore him a child. That would be the price (Kanya Sulka) for Arjuna to pay for his daughter’s hand.
Arjuna agreed and stayed with his wife, Chitrangada, for three months and she became pregnant. Arjuna, then, left her and continued with his travel.

Encounter with crocodiles

Arjuna, next, turned right and travelled southwards. After crossing many lands and rivers he reached the southern ocean. He found five great sacred lakes there bearing the name of famous sages like Agasthya and Bharadwaja. To Arjuna’s surprises none bathed in those holy lakes. When asked they told Arjuna that they were all infested with crocodiles. Anyone who entered was sure to be grabbed and swallowed by them.

Arjuna thought that it was his duty to rid the lakes of such danger. He had the added strength from the boon given by Uloopi. So, he entered the first lake. The moment he stepped into it he was grabbed by a beast. Arjuna gathered strength and pulled the animal ashore.
As if by a miracle, a beautiful damsel appeared in place of the crocodile. She, then, narrated her story to Arjuna and all those who had gathered around. They were five celestial damsels of divine beauty (Apsaras) living happily in heaven. In their youthful lust for male company they roamed about and one day they found a sage in deep meditation. All the five fell in love with him. They started making advances towards him by singing and dancing . The sage was disturbed from meditation and was angry with them for their improper conduct. He cursed, “You tried to grab me. Hence may you becoe crocodiles and live by grabbing others.” The distraught damsels asked for forgiveness. The sage said that they would revert back to life in heaven as damsels as and when someone would pull them ashore. It was sage Narada who advised them to remain in the southern lakes waiting for Arjuna’s arrival to save them.
She, then, requested Arjuna to help her friends also to come out of their curse. Thus, the five damsels were saved by Arjuna.

Meeting with Krishna

Arjuna turned again and travelled north along the western ghats. His destination was Prabhasa Thirtha where Krishna then lived. He heard on the way about the serene beauty and excellent character of Krishna’s sister, Subhadra. He was enamoured by her whom he had not even met once.

Arjuna thought how he could approach her and decided to disguise himself as a traveling monk. He shaved his head and wore saffron clothes. With chanting beads in hand he sat down below a banyan tree in front of Krishna’s house and pretended that he was meditating. Krishna was taking rest with his wife, Sathyabhama. Suddenly he broke out into laughter. Bewildered, Sathyabhama asked him to explain his unprovoked mirth. Krishna was anticipating his dear friend Arjuana. He could vision the image of the disguised Pandava approaching him. He could also divine Arjuna’s designs on his sister.

Krishna got up immediately from his seat and went to the place, in the company of Sathyabhama, where Arjuna was seated . The Pandava could not make pretensions in front of his all-knowing dear friend. The two embraced each other. They roamed about together in Prabhasa. Krishna, then, took Arjuna with the same disguise as monk to Dwaraka where Subhadra was living.

With this the chapter on “Arjuna’s stay in forest (Arjuna Vanavasa Parvam)” comes to an end.

The New Abode

The Pandavas lived happily with Kunti and Draupadi for a few days in Hastinapura. One day Dhritarashtra called them to his side. He said that they lived peacefully along with the Kauravas so far. It would be better for them to move out before any friction developed between the two. He suggested a place called Khandava Prastha where they could build a capital city. Yudhishthira should begin ruling the half kingdom he received from there.
The Pandavas respected the words of their uncle and marched to Khandava Prastha along with the ladies and their benefactor, Krishna. A Prastha is a flat piece of land. The place was called Khandava because of a vast nearby forest with that name. Vedavyasa also joined them in their new place of residence.

They got a beautiful capital city built in Khandava Prastha . Deep moats were dug and high walls were built to surround the city. Beautiful palaces for the royals and houses for the ordinary people were built within them. Sentries were posted at the four entrance gates. Broad roads with tall avenue trees were laid out within the city. Beautiful parks and lakes were made in the surrounding forests. The city came to be known as Indra Prastha later on, as it surpassed even the palace of Indra in its beauty.

Artisans and merchants of various trades heard about its fame and came to live in Indraprastha. So did many Brahmins who started performing various rituals.
Krishna spent a few weeks with them in the city and then took his leave.

One day sage Narada paid them a visit in Indraprastha. Narada was famous for his wandering nature. He hardly ever stayed at one place for long. Because of his wide travels he was the source for up to date news for kings and even gods. He was also widely respected for his wisdom.

Narada’s mission was to make sure that the Pandavas lived happily in their new place of capital city. The five Pandavas and Draupadi paid their respect to the great sage and received his blessings.

After Draupadi left Narada spoke to the Pandavas in privacy. He said that when five of them lived with one wife there was always a chance for misunderstanding and quarrel. It was absolutely essential that they avoided any such misfortune. Narada, then, narrated the story of the demons, Sunda and Upasunda, to illustrate his point.
(Refer to www.kunjunny.blogspot.com for the story)

The sage, himself, suggested a rule for them to follow to prevent such a possibility.
He said that each Pandava should take turns and live with Draupadi for one year. During that period others should avoid intrusion into their privacy at any cost. There should also be a strict penalty for violating that rule even by chance. He who committed it should live in exile for twelve years. All agreed quite happily to the conditions placed by the wise Narada.
Then, the sage bid farewell to them and traveled heavenward which was his next destination.
The sage left after telling the story. With this ends the chapter called “ The arrival of Vidura as Envoy and the restoration of kingdom (Viduraagamana Raajya laabha Parvam)”

The Homecoming

Duryodhana had posted spies at all vital points within his land and outside, as kings used to do. He took no chance and wanted to destroy the Pandavas, if they re-appeared anywhere, by chance .

Some of his spies came back from the Panchalas and reported the discovery of the Pandavas in Drupada’s palace. That news gave a big jolt to Duryodhana. Now the Pandavas have a powerful ally in Drupada and in his capable son, Dhrishtadyumna.

He consulted his supporters on the best course of immediate action. His uncle, the prince of Gandhara by name Sakuni, had come to live with them soon after Dhritarashtra married Gandhari. He, Karna and Dussasana advised Duryodhana that they should destroy the Pandavas before they established themselves in their new abode.

That was what Duryodhana wanted to hear. They marched with a huge army to the Panchalas and launched a powerful attack. They were met by the capable army of Drupada lead by his sons. Soon, Bheema and Arjuna apeared on the scene. Bheema wrecked havoc in the ranks of enemy forces with his super human strength. Arjuna did the rest of damage by the shower of arrows from him bow. The entire army of Duryodhana soon started to flee, in spite of all the efforts by himself and Karna to keep the array in tact. Karna, himself, was about to be struck by Arjuna’s arrows, but, was miraculously saved by the skill of his charioteer. Duryodhana could not hold any further and the defeated force soon returned to Hastinapura.

Krishna visits Panchala

Krishna got the news of the attack of Panchala by Duryodhana. He wasted no time and arrived at the palace with his brother and an army of four divisions (soldiers mounted on elephants, horseback and on foot and driving chariots). It was a goodwill mission to Drupada and to the Pandavas and a way to show his support to them. By then, the battle was already won by Drupada and the Pandavas.

Duryodhana on further course of action

Durydhana went to his father with Dussasana, Sakuni and Karna and wanted to brief him of all the events leading to Draupadi’s marriage. Vidura was seated next to the blind king. When Vidura heard of the story he exclaimed aloud that the land of Kurus would flourish even further with the new alliance. Somehow, Dhritarashtra misunderstood that it was his son who won Draupadi as wife, and expressed his joy . Vidura corrected him by saying that it was, indeed, Arjuna who won the test and the princess. The diplomat in Dhritarashtra did not want to reveal his double personality and repeated his earlier words expressing joy. Vidura was pleased thinking that the king was genuine in his feelings and left the assembly with words of blessings.

Duryodhana counsels

After Vidura left the place Duryodhana complained to his father for showing support to the Pandavas. Then, the king confessed that he was merely pretending in the presence of Vidura. He asked each of them what further course of action they all would suggest.

Duryodhana talked about various plans to destroy the Pandavas, most of them sounding childish. Karna corrected him saying that it was wishful thinking that any of Duryodhana’s plans would work. He could think of only one course, of waging a full scale war on them.

Bheeshma and Drona were consulted next on what they thought . Bheesham objected strongly even to the very thought of doing any harm to the Pandavas. He pointed out that the Pandavas, in any case, deserved half the kingdom. The king should give that back to them. Friendship with them would be paid back handsomely to all in the end. Keeping enmity would ultimately cause the destruction of the entire race of Kurus.

Drona was in full agreement with the wise words of Bheeshma. He further suggested that Dhritarashtra and Duryodhana should send friendly envoys with valuable gifts to Drupada and the Pandavas. Vidura was back in the assembly by then. He also agreed with Bheeshma and Drona and urged the king not to waste any time to invite the Pandavas back with the offer of half the kingdom.

Vidura as envoy

The three wise men of the assembly could finallyprevail on the king. Dhritarashtra suggested that Vidura, himself, should go as their emissary. Accordingly, Vidura set out to the palace of the Panchalas with many valuable gifts and a friendly army to honour the Pandavas. Drupada received Vidura cordially. Krishna was present in the hall. Vidura repeated the message of Dhritarashtra welcoming the Pandavas back with the offer of half the kingdom. Drupada was well pleased with that gesture and agreed that it was time for the Pandavas to return to their palace with their newly wed wife. Krishna also agreed to the move.

Accordingly, the five Pandavas marched to Hastinapura along with their mother, Kunti, and wife, Draupadi. Krishna also decided to accompany them.

They received a joyous welcome in their land by their subjects who were delighted to see their beloved princes, who were thought to be dead, back. Dhritarashtra was there to welcome them with his sons and elders like Bheeshma and Drona. The sons of Pandu lived with the other Kauravas in Hastinapura peacefully for a while.

Confusion about the Marriage

The Pandavas left the marriage assembly after Arjuna won the test. No one, except Krishna and Balarama, recognized them. Karna did not hesitate to congratulate Arjuna in disguise for his winning the test and defeating him in the fight that ensued.

The five Pandavas, then, went to tell the news to Kunti. They had Draupadi with them to present before their mother.

While entering the potter’s house the Pandavas told Kunti in a light vein that they brought her whatever they got that day by way of alms. Kunti, without understanding the joke told them that they should share their booty among themselves as usual. It was then that she was told about their achievement of the day. Kunti was greatly troubled thinking about the words she spoke just then and of their true implication .

Yudhishthira , then, asked Arjuna that he should marry Draupadi as he was the one who won her. But, Arjuna would not think of that before his elder brothers got married. Kunti then explained what troubled her mind. She had, unwittingly, asked them to share Draupadi among them ! Being a woman of truth, she was afraid that her words would come true. It was only then that all realized the gravity of the situation.

Krishna Visits the Pandavas

Krishna and Balarama found out where the Pandavas stayed and soon paid them a visit there. It was like a family re-union and all cherished fond memories of their childhood. However, none raised the present confusion with Krishna and the two visitors left them after bidding farewell.
Dhrishtadyumna soon tracked the Pandavas to the potter’s house in secret. His intention was to find out the real identity of the Brahmin who won the test and of his associates. He thought it unlikely that they were true Brahmins as their disguise showed. He overheard their conversation for a while and his suspicion grew even further. He reported the matter to his father.
(With this, the Chapter on Betrothal or “Swayamvara Parva” ends)

The truth comes out

Drupada wanted to get the whole truth out before conducting the marriage ceremony. He sent his royal priest on such a mission to the place of their stay. The priest, after introducing himself, asked Yudhishthira several questions to establish their true identity. The Pandava only gave vague replies to all. But, the priest was sure that they were not Brahmins. He left them after extending an invitation to them on behalf of the king for a grand feast at the palace.

Drupada had made elaborate arrangements for excellent food. Kunti and the Pandavas enjoyed his hospitality and the good meal. They were then taken around several galleries in which the king had arranged implements of various trades. What attracted the Pandavas most was the gallery of weapons and war trophies. That left no doubt in the mind of the king that his visitors were truly princes. Drupada then directly asked Yudhishthira who they truly were. The Pandavas could not keep their secret any more and told Drupasda the whole story starting with their escape from the house of wax. The king of Panchala was ecstatic and told Yudhisthira that it was his desire right from the beginning to marry his daughter to Arjuna.

A difficult decision

It was then that Yudhishthira briefed Drupada about the conversation they all had with Kunti. Their decision was to obey their mother and for all five to marry the princess.
Drupada was shocked. Such a proposal was unheard of. How could the Pandavas, respected for their steadfast adherence to righteousness (Dharma), even think of such an act ? The king and his son were totally opposed to the idea, as it was against what the scriptures prescribed.
Yudhishthira then told the king that it was not easy to be sure what was Dharma and what was not. ( Refer to www.kunjunny.blogspot.com for his quotes)

Vedavyasa arrives on the scene

Right then they saw Vedavyasa arriving. All turned to the sage for help. Vyasa told the king the story of sage Maudgalya and his devoted wife, Nalayani. The Maharshi had prophesied that his wife would be reborn as Draupadi and would be wedded to five princes. He also told the story of the five Indras who took birth later as the five Pandavas. His contention was that the five Pandavas were essentially one person, though appearing as separate. The king, finally, agreed to the wise counsel of the sage.

The Marriage

A grand ceremony was held in which the five Pandavas held the hand of Draupadi (Panigrahanam) amid chanting of Mantras. The usual festivities followed the marriage.
Krishna sent valuable gifts to the newly married Pandavas and their beloved wife.

(Thus ends the chapter of marriage or “Vaivahika Parvam”)

Confusion about the Marriage

The Pandavas left the marriage assembly after Arjuna won the test. No one, except Krishna and Balarama, recognized them. Karna did not hesitate to congratulate Arjuna in disguise for his winning the test and defeating him in the fight that ensued.
The five Pandavas, then, went to tell the news to Kunti. They had Draupadi with them to present before their mother.
While entering the potter’s house the Pandavas told Kunti in a light vein that they brought her whatever they got that day by way of alms. Kunti, without understanding the joke told them that they should share their booty among themselves as usual. It was then that she was told about their achievement of the day. Kunti was greatly troubled thinking about the words she spoke just then and of their true implication .
Yudhishthira , then, asked Arjuna that he should marry Draupadi as he was the one who won her. But, Arjuna would not think of that before his elder brothers got married. Kunti then explained what troubled her mind. She had, unwittingly, asked them to share Draupadi among them ! Being a woman of truth, she was afraid that her words would come true. It was only then that all realized the gravity of the situation.

Krishna Visits the Pandavas

Krishna and Balarama found out where the Pandavas stayed and soon paid them a visit there. It was like a family re-union and all cherished fond memories of their childhood. However, none raised the present confusion with Krishna and the two visitors left them after bidding farewell.
Dhrishtadyumna soon tracked the Pandavas to the potter’s house in secret. His intention was to find out the real identity of the Brahmin who won the test and of his associates. He thought it unlikely that they were true Brahmins as their disguise showed. He overheard their conversation for a while and his suspicion grew even further. He reported the matter to his father.
(With this, the Chapter on Betrothal or “Swayamvara Parva” ends)

The truth comes out

Drupada wanted to get the whole truth out before conducting the marriage ceremony. He sent his royal priest on such a mission to the place of their stay. The priest, after introducing himself, asked Yudhishthira several questions to establish their true identity. The Pandava only gave vague replies to all. But, the priest was sure that they were not Brahmins. He left them after extending an invitation to them on behalf of the king for a grand feast at the palace.
Drupada had made elaborate arrangements for excellent food. Kunti and the Pandavas enjoyed his hospitality and the good meal. They were then taken around several galleries in which the king had arranged implements of various trades. What attracted the Pandavas most was the gallery of weapons and war trophies. That left no doubt in the mind of the king that his visitors were truly princes. Drupada then directly asked Yudhishthira who they truly were. The Pandavas could not keep their secret any more and told Drupasda the whole story starting with their escape from the house of wax. The king of Panchala was ecstatic and told Yudhisthira that it was his desire right from the beginning to marry his daughter to Arjuna.

A difficult decision

It was then that Yudhishthira briefed Drupada about the conversation they all had with Kunti. Their decision was to obey their mother and for all five to marry the princess.
Drupada was shocked. Such a proposal was unheard of. How could the Pandavas, respected for their steadfast adherence to righteousness (Dharma), even think of such an act ? The king and his son were totally opposed to the idea, as it was against what the scriptures prescribed.
Yudhishthira then told the king that it was not easy to be sure what was Dharma and what was not. ( Refer to www.kunjunny.blogspot.com for his quotes)

Vedavyasa arrives on the scene

Right then they saw Vedavyasa arriving. All turned to the sage for help. Vyasa told the king the story of sage Maudgalya and his devoted wife, Nalayani. The Maharshi had prophesied that his wife would be reborn as Draupadi and would be wedded to five princes. He also told the story of the five Indras who took birth later as the five Pandavas. His contention was that the five Pandavas were essentially one person, though appearing as separate. The king, finally, agreed to the wise counsel of the sage.

The Marriage

A grand ceremony was held in which the five Pandavas held the hand of Draupadi (Panigrahanam) amid chanting of Mantras. The usual festivities followed the marriage.
Krishna sent valuable gifts to the newly married Pandavas and their beloved wife.

(Thus ends the chapter of marriage or “Vaivahika Parvam”)

To Win Draupadi

The Pandavas met some Brahmins who were on their way to attend the marriage of Draupadi. It was arranged as Swayamvara in which Draupadi could choose any prince among those assembled. Let us remember that king Drupada wanted her to marry Arjuna. Since he believed that Arjuna died in the fire at Varanavata he wanted to choose one as good as Aruna in archery. Hence, he put a tough test for all suitors to qualify.

The Brahmins were interested in watching the festivities, enjoying the grand feasts and receiving the usual gifts called Dakshina. They told the Pandavas of the beauty of Draupadi and how all who heard of her wanted to win her hand. All the kings of importance from far and near had arrived. They encouraged the Pandavas to join them and enjoy the fun. Accordingly, the Pandavas went with the group of Brahmins to Panchala.

They arrived in the capital city and looked for a place for Kunti to stay. They found a potter’s house suitable for the purpose. The five brothers, then, proceeded to the palace.

The Marriage assembly

The Pandavas soon arrived in the palace of king Drupada and found themselves in the assembly of marriage. Many famous kings from nearby lands had arrived hoping to win Draupadi. Seated among them were the Kaurava princes like Duryodhana in the company of Karna. Krishna, the Yadava prince, was present with his brother, Balarama. Let us recollect that Kunti was Krishna’s aunt through his father, Vasudeva.

He was also a close childhood friend of Arjuna. Krishna could easily spot the Pandavas, though they wee seated among the Brahmins and appeared like the others in the group. He pointed them out to his brother, Balarama, and the latter was delighted to learn that the Pandavas were alive.

Soon, Dhrishtadyumna brought his sister to the assembly and introduced her to the seated princes. He also briefed her of each assembled prince and his accomplishments.

Dhrishtadyumna, then, told the assembled princes all about the test that was for them to win to qualify for his sister’s hands.

The Test

The task for the princes was to try and hit a target with the bow and arrows, all specifially made for the purpose. The target was a vulture that was hung overhead in a cage that was made to revolve all the time. The bow was made for the purpose with heavy material. To lift the bow was itself a task even for highly accomplished archers. There were five arrows. The head of the vulture was to be brought down by dispatching all the five arrows one by one through the opening of the revolving cage.

The princes started vying with each other to grab the bow and arrows before others. Several princes, famous for their victories, tried and failed. Many could not even lift the bow. Others failed to tie the string after lifting the bow with difficulty. Those few who managed to dispatch the arrows missed the target miserably. Duryodhana was one among those who failed.
Karna waited patiently. When others failed he came forward. He picked the bow and tied the string with ease. He was about to launch the five arrows with full confidence. It was then that all heard the voice of Draupadi. The princess of Panchala spoke in no uncertain terms that she would not marry the son of a charioteer. Karna heard her too and returned to his seat hanging his head in shame.

The success

There was a lull in the hall after this and people started wondering whether the whole thing was a farce. Then, one youth among the Brahmins got up and approached the bow. He was none other than Arjuna who knew well what he was capable of. The first reaction was of surprise, both from the princes and the Brahmins. Then, the royals looked with irritation at the approaching youth. What business a Brahmin had in what was essentially the affair of kings.
Arjuna went around the bow with reverence and prayed to the direction (north east) to Lord Siva. He thought of Krishna, his friend and mentor, and picked up the bow. He tied the string and dispatched the five arrows in quick succession. The head of the vulture fell down on the ground in no time.

There was general applause from those assembled. But, the princes were highly enraged. Their anger was mostly turned against Drupada. They contended that the king of Panchala had dishonoured all the invited kings. They rose in revolt and raised a war cry against Drupada. Arjuna wasted no time to come to the defense of Drupada with support from Bheema.

Karna was the first to challenge Arjuna without realizing who his opponent was. The two fought fiercely with equal strength, but, Karna finally was defeated. He was surprised to get such an opponent from among the Brahmins and was all in praise for him. Bheema faced most other challenges, including that of Duryodhana. The two managed, after a prolonged fight, to win against the entire force of assembled princes.

End of stay at Ekachakra

One day a Brahmin visited the Pandavas in their house at Ekachakra. He started telling them the stories of various places he visited during his travel. It was in that context the Pandavas heard about Drupada again.

Drupada’s resolve

The proud king of Panchala could not forget his humiliation at the hands of his Brahmin friend and foe, Drona. He resolved that he would take revenge at any cost. His plan was to perform sacrificial rites, called Yajnas, with the specific purpose of getting a son capable enough to face Drona. He approached many reputed Brahmins with this request. Most refused to accept the risky task. Finally, Drupada managed to get one renowned for his powers by offering enough rewards.

A great Yajna was conducted by the Brahmin on behalf of the king. It is said that a boy and a girl came out of the sacrificial fire on its conclusion . The name, Dhrishtadyumna , was given to the boy. The girl was given the name, Krishna, because of her dark complexion. She came to be known later as Draupadi or the daughter of king Drupada, and Panchali, being the princess of Panchala.

When it was time to teach warfare to his son, king Drupada could not think of anyone better than his arch rival, Drona. Accordingly, Dhrishtadyumna was sent to the Acharya , though with hesitation. Drona knew all about the birth of the young prince and what his ultimate mission was. Yet, he did not send him back. He was given the best possible lessons along with the Kauravas and Pandavas.

Drupada also remembered the extraordinary valour of Arjuna. It was his intention to marry his daughter to the young Pandava and win his friendship. Then he heard of their tragic death in their temporary palace at Varanavata. The next best that he could do for his daughter was to find the most able archer in the land or outside. Hence, when it was time for the marriage of his daughter king Drupada set up a very difficult test for the suitors of Draupadi’s hand.

The Pandavas heard from the wandering Brahmin all these stories and that the marriage of Draupadi was already been arranged. Kunti thought that they had spent enough time in the Brahmin’s house and that they should now move out. The royal wedding in the land of Panchalas was a welcome event for this purpose. Yudhishthira and his brothers were all in agreement.

Meeting with Vedavyasa

They met the sage, Vyasa on the way. Vedavyasa told them of the previous birth of Draupadi. He told the Pandavas that it was her destiny to marry them in this birth. This made their resolve to attend the marriage of Draupadi even stronger and they continued with their journey to the land of the Panchalas.

An encounter with Chitraratha

When they were about to cross river Ganga their way was blocked by a Gandharava by name Chitraratha. Gandharvas are celestial beings who have easy ways of living by singing , dancing and merry making. Arjuna ended up in having a dual with the Gandharva and the latter was defeated. Unlike in other cases the two became good friends. They exchanged knowledge on special weapons and told stories of themselves. It was from him that the Pandavas learnt about their lineage from the great king, Kuru (and how they became Kauravas).

Chitraratha, by telling the story of Samvarana, who was Kuru’s father and how he won over Tapati as wife with the help of his teacher Vasishtha, advised the Pandavas to find an eminent Brahmin as their teacher and priest. As suggested by him the Pandavas approached Dhaumya and got his acceptance as their chief priest. Then, they proceeded to the marriage of Draupadi.
With this “Chaitraratha Parvam” or “the Chapter of Chitraratha” ends.

Ekachakra

The Pandavas met Vedavyasa on their way from Varanavata in the forest. The sage came to know of their escape from the house of wax and subsequent hardships in the forest. He came to console them with the words that good days were certainly in store for them. He suggested that they go to the nearby town called Ekachakra. They were asked to stay there for a month. The sage would meet them again there. Accordingly, the Pandavas followed the direction given by Vyasa and reached the town.

They found shelter in the house of a Brahmin in the town. The Brahmin lived with his wife, daughter and a young son. The Pandavas went from door to door around the town begging for their food. They handed whatever they collected during the day over to their mother. Kunti normally gave half of it to Bheema as he ate more than all the others together. The rest was divided equally among the others.

The demon named Baka

One day they heard wails from that part of house where the Brahmin’s family lived . Kunti wanted to find out what troubled their good hosts so that she could extend whatever possible help to them.

She found the whole family in a heated argument. Kunti heard the Brahmin argue that he would better give up his life so that the rest survived. His loving wife would not stand his arguments. She would rather go in his place and save the others. Neither of this was acceptable to their daughter. She would gladly go in place of her parents. Even the young boy said that he would go and meet the enemy with the toy he held in his hand.

When Kunti asked they explained the situation. There lived in the outskirts of the town a demon by name Baka. He terrorized the whole town and started eating all the residents in large numbers. The king or his army could do nothing against the strong demon. So, the residents met among themselves and came up with a proposal. They would take turns to take whatever food that Baka needed each day to him. His food consisted of several large measures of cooked rice and dishes. That was to be carried by a cart and pulled by two buffalos . One person from the household had to drive the cart. The entire load, including the food, buffalos and the driver, was for the demon to eat. They pleaded with Baka to be pleased with arrangement and got his approval. It was clear that the turn of Kunti’s hosts came that day. None of them could stand the loss of any of the others in the family.

Kunti then told them that none of them needed to go. She would arrange for someone to drive the food to the demon. By then Kunti knew how capable Bheema was to face enemies like Baka. But, she did not reveal her identity. She simply said that she had some powerful friends with supernatural powers. She requested the Brahmins not to reveal her secret to anyone. No wonder that her hosts were greatly relieved and felt grateful beyond words to her.

Kunti then explained the situation to her son. Bheema had no hesitation to take on that assignment. He had, apparently, other ideas in his mind.

Bhima purposefully drove the cart at a leisurely pace to the demon’s place of dwelling. Meanwhile, he started enjoying all the food that was meant for Baka. He had not had a decent meal ever since he left Varanavata. There was so much food in the cart that Bheema quite could not finish it before reaching the destination.

Baka was waiting impatiently for his daily meal. The unusual delay made him even angrier. He spotted the cart from a distance, but, he could not believe his eyes when he found the driver eating his food unconcerned of anything else. He ran to Bheema with a roar, but, the Pandava ignored that, too. Bheema coolly suffered a few blows from the mighty demon while he finished the entire load of food.

Then he turned to Baka. The demon was about to hit Bheema with a huge trunk of an uprooted tree. Bheema broke that down like a twig and then caught hold of Baka. The two wrestled for a while. They exchanged blows and hit one another with uprooted trees. Finally, Bheema overpowered the demon and killed him without difficulty. Thus, thanks to Bheema, the entire town was saved from the perpetual threat from the demon.

Thus ends the chapter called “Baka Vadham or the killing of Baka”.

Encounter with the demon Hidimba

The Pandavas continued their journey through the forest after the narrow escape from the house of wax. The five princes grew beard and matted their hair to give the appearance of Brahmins doing penance in the forest. Thus, they moved forward in the forest . Their aim was to find a village or town in which they could stay without drawing the attention of Duryodhana.
They ate whatever fruit or roots they found in the forest and drank water from nearby pools. They slept on the bare mud. Bheema would keep watch at night so that no wild animals would harm them. While keeping guard Bheema used to think of their fate. Until a few months back they lived in the comfort of the royal palace and were the focus of all admiring eyes. His elder brother was installed as the crown prince. Now they lived hiding in the forest like hunted animals. Duryodhana made all the cunning moves which landed them in the forest. Bheema’s anger towards the Kaurava grew day by day thinking about all the evil deeds of his arch enemy.

An Encounter with a formidable foe

There lived in that forest a demon by name Hidimba with his sister, Hidimbi. Such dangerous demons, known as Raakshasas, were essentially man eaters. They were physically so powerful that normal human beings were no match for them. They also had such special powers that they could disappear and re-appear at will and fly in the air like birds.

Hidimba came across the wandering Pandavas by chance. It had been quite a while since he had his favourite meal of human flesh. So, he asked his sister to kill the five Pandavas along with their mother and prepare a feast of human meat. Accordingly, Hidimbi went to the place where the Pandavas slept.

Bheemaseana was keeping guard. The sight of his handsome figure sowed the seeds of first love in Hidimbi. She was in no mood to kill any of them. Instead, she changed herself into the form of a beautiful maiden and approached Bheema.

Bheema was surprised to find a beautiful woman in the thick forest and asked her who she was. Hidimbi told him her true story. She warned him of her ferocious brother who was waiting to kill and eat them all. She would protect Bheema from him, provided Bheema accepted her as wife. They could together escape to the beautiful hills and streams in far way forests and enjoy life.
Bheema could only laugh.at her silly words. He was there to keep guard of his brothers and mother. He feared none on earth or in the other worlds, be it a human or a demon. Besides, he was not interested in her either.

Meanwhile, Hidimba grew impatient not finding his sister with his meal in time. So he appeared on the scene and overheard the conversation between the two. A terrible rage grew him and he rushed to his sister with the intention of killing her before he finished the rest.

Bheema blocked the way of the demon and challenged him for a fight. A terrible fight ensued between the mighty Pandava and the powerful Hidimba. The noise of their battle awoke the sleeping Kunti and her other sons. Arjuna offered to help Bheema in his fight. Bheema did not need any. After a prolonged battle Bheema killed Hidimba with his bare hands.

When the battle was over and her dangerous brother killed Hidimbi approached Bheema again with her submission of love. Bheema, still, did not care for her. He would rather send her along the same path to which he dispatched her brother.

Hidimbi then spoke to the royal mother, Kunti. She told her of her pangs of love towards Bheema and implored the queen to support her cause.

It was Yudhishthira who came to the aid of Hidimbi. He approved of the relationship and told Bheema accordingly. He would permit her to live with Bheema during the day, provided she sent him back every night. (It is said that the demons slept during day and were awake at night, exactly opposite to what humans did. Hence, they are called Raatreenchara, those who move around at night). Bheema, finally, yielded . He told Hidimbi that he would be with her until a child was born to her. Hidimbi agreed to all those conditions. Accordingly, she disappeared with Bheema into the forest.

A boy was born to Bheema in Hidimbi who was named Ghatotkacha. His birth and growth took place in a very short time as is said to be the case with demons.

Hidimbi disappeared from the life of the Pandavas after the boy was born to her. The son of Bheema prostrated before his grandmother and wanted to take leave as well. He asked Kunti what service he could lend to her. Kunti told him that he was the first born in the family and that he should come to their aid as and when the occasion arose. Ghatotkacha agreed. He would get the message anytime they thought of him and come to their side. So saying he also disappeared.
With the birth of a son to Bheema in Hidimbi the chapter called “killing of Hidimba” ends. This Ghatotkacha became the hero of one of the most vital battle of Mahabharata.

The stay at Varanavata

The bidding of good bye with the elders of the palace was touching. To the Pandavas and also to the senior Kauravas like Bhishma it was like parting for a long stay away. The citizens of the kingdom were grief stricken. They somehow felt that they were about to lose their beloved princes . Some even commented adversely on the decision by Dhritarashtra in approving such a move.

Arrival at Varanavata

The residents of Varanavata gave a joyous welcome to their rulers from Hastinapura. Purochana was already there to receive them. He cordially took them around and accommodated them in a temporary house for the first few days.

Then he took them to their specially built palace. Because of the prior warning from Vidura Yudhishthira inspected every part of the house with a critical eye, but without giving any clue to Purochana. When they were alone he pointed out to his brothers how the house had been made. The very smell of ghee and other animal fat told them how vulnerable they were. The presence of Purochana guarding the gates during day and sleeping there at night confirmed their suspicion. They decided that they would remain watchful every moment of their stay in that house.

The tunnel

Soon, a miner, sent secretly by Vidura, reported himself to the Pandavas. He was specially skilled in making tunnels. Drilling a secret exit from the house was what the Pandavas had in mind. So, they all decided that work on a tunnel that would take them to the shores of Ganga should start immediately. The miner should work at night when nobody would notice him. The entrance would be cleverly covered not to give away their secret plan of escape.

The Pandavas spent the day time going around and hunting in the nearby forest. They slept at night in the very tunnel that was being built where they felt more safe .

The burning of the house of wax

Purochana wanted to wait for a while before burning the house down so that he would not raise any suspicion. Thus, a year passed by. By then the miner had finished digging the tunnel. It was a new moon day and the Pandavas got a hint from the suspicious movements of Purochana that he was ready to execute his plan.

That night Kunti threw a lavish party . There was plenty of good food and fine wine for every one to enjoy. Many people around and away from the place ate and drank at the party that night. When midnight came and when everyone was asleep Bheema set fire to the house. The Pandavas , then, escaped through the tunnel carrying their mother with them.

The people living nearby were woken up by the burning of palace. By then it was too late to do anything. They found the charred bodies of Purochana and some others who stayed behind in the house after the party. They were grief stricken thinking that their beloved princes had all perished in the fire. The matter was duly reported to Hastinapura. Duryodhana was delighted, but, did not show any outward sign. Even Dhritarashtra was happy within his heart. Bhishma, Drona and Kripa were all very upset. Dhritarashtra, Bhishma and the Kaurava princes peformed the last rites for the departed Pandavas. The whole country spent days of mourning thinking about their dear princes who met with their untimely death. They sensed that there was foul play by Duryodhana.

Stay in the Forest

The Pandavas came out of the tunnel and reached the shores of Ganga. There was an oarsman waiting for them in the river with his boat. He repeated the same words spoken as warning by Vidura when the Pandavas took leave of him. So, they could easily identify him as sent by Vidura . The man took them across the river and bid good bye to them at the shore.

What lay ahead of the Pandavas was thick forest . It was, still, night and pitch dark all around. They found it very hard to move forward. Bheema decided to carry his mother on his head and both Nakula and Sahadeva on his hips. He, then, even supported Yudhishthira and Arjuna with his two hands. Thus, they went forward into the deep jungle.

Hard days were in store for them in the forest. They were also to encounter many adventures there. We shall learn about them soon enough.

The Exile

A year passed after the Kauravas completed their training under Drona. Dhritarashtra has been ruling the country on behalf of the next heir to the throne, Yudhishthira. The blind king thought it time that the young Pandava was anointed as Yuvaraja or heir apparent. The installation was done in the proper manner.

In a short time Yudhishthira won the heart of all, within the royal palace and outside. Then, Arjuna and Bheema went in all the four directions to win over their enemies . The two sons of Pandu managed to return victorious after giving fights to whoever opposed them in battle.

Dhritarashtra becomes envious

The growing popularity of the Pandavas and their victories in a short time made Dhritarashtra anxious. He had the interests of his own sons at heart all the time. At the same time, he would act only what would appear just to the public. The conflicting interests made him a worried king. So, he consulted his trusted minister by name Kanika.

Kanika quoted rules that suited the king. He advised Dhritarashtra that the Pandavas should be considered as enemies to the king’s own sons. Enemies are to be annihilated without mercy in whatever way possible. He told the story of the clever jackal in the forest which killed a lion with able help from other animals like a tiger, wolf and so on. But, he managed to send them all away with clever words and enjoyed the meal all by himself.

Duryodhana Conspires with the king

[The Bhaarata story has been told in eighteen volumes. Each is divided into several chapters and further sections. We skipped over most of the first six chapters and have just completed the seventh, “Chapter of Births (Sambhava Parvam)” within the “Starting Volume (Aadi Parvam)”. We are about to get into the eighth chapter of the first volume , called the “Chapter of the House of Lac (Jathu Griha Parvam)”]

It was then that Duryodhana came to his father with a complaint. He said that the Pandavas were getting stronger day by day. It was not his fault that his father was born blind thereby denying him the kingdom. He took stock of the stand that the elders in the royal family would take in the case of a conflict. Bhisha would remain neutral between the Kauravas and Pandavas. Drona loved his son so much that wherever Aswatthaamaa was Dona would stick to that place. Kripa would not leave his brother-in-law (Drona) and his nephew. Vidura always would depend upon the ruling monarch, whoever that be. He implied that if he, somehow, got the throne then he would have a way to get the loyalty of all elders.

Then, he unrolled his plan before his father. There was a place called Vaaranaavata within their kingdom. Dhritarashtra should somehow induce the Pandavas to visit that place and live there for a while. Duryodhana would handle the rest. The Pandavas would not refuse to abide by the suggestion of their step father.
Dhritaraashtra sends the Pandavas away

The ploy of Duryodhana appealed to the blind king. He called the Pandavas to his side and spoke with loving words to them. He has heard from his ministers that there was a beautiful place called Vaaranaavatam. If the Pandavas so wished, he would permit them to go to the place and enjoy the festival that was about to take place there. The proposal was made in such a manner that Pandavas had to agree to go by it.

Duryodhana Plots to kill

Duryodhana was delighted when he heard that the Pndavas fell into his trap. He then called his trusted assistant by name Purochana. He was asked to build a house for the Pandavas in Varanavatam. It should appear beautiful and made comfortable to live in. But, every building block, including the cement, must be of inflammable material. Timber, lac and ghee should be used in abundance. But, externally nothing should be obvious so that the Pandvas would not turn suspicious.

Vidura comes to help

Soon the Pandavas started bidding good bye to all in the royal palace and also to the general public outside. The idea was the five Pandavas would take their mother with them and enjoy spending time in Varanavatam and watching the festival there. When they were about to embark on their journey Vidura called Yudhishthira in privacy and gave him sufficient hints of the dangers ahead. His words gave no clue to people who might overhear, but, were clear enough to the wise Yudhishthira. Vidura also gave them a plan of escape.

Yudhishthira briefed his brothers on the tips he got from Vidura. Bheema did not understand why they had to go by Duryodhana’s wicked plans. Yudhishthira told Bheema that they had to obey their step father and go to Varanavatam. Once out of their palace, they would have to play the game set by Duryodhana. Otherwise the wicked Kaurava could get them killed using his spies.

Thus, the Pandavas embarked on their journey to Varanavatam which was, in a way, their start of life in exile.

Drona demands his reward

After completing the training, Drona gathered all his disciples around him. He then set a task for them to accomplish. It was customary for the disciples to offer a Gurudakshina, or payment to the teacher for the lessons. This could be in kind or as service to the teacher as demanded by him.

Drona wanted their service to fight and defeat Drupada, the king of Panchala, and bring him to Drona. All including the teacher, himself, knew that it was a hard task. Drupada and Drona were both trained by Parasurama and had acquired matchless skills from him.

Duryodhana took it as a challenge and an opportunity to impress all including the teacher. He went with a large army in the company of Dussasana and his other brothers and Karna. They surrounded the palace of Drupada and challenged him. Drupada came out with a huge army with able support from his brother Sathyajit. After a fierce battle the Kaurava army was crushed. Duryodhana and his supporters came back in disgrace.

Arjuna anticipated this. He had told Drona when he saw Duryodhana rushing to Panchala that he would accomplish the task after the Kauravas returned. Accordingly, he started in the company of Bheemasena leading an army to face Drupada. He spared his other brothers from the task. Bheema crushed the defending army of Drupada with his fearsome club. Arjuna was there just behind sending showers with his sharp arrows. Sathyajit had to flee the battle field, unable to face the onslaught. After a fierce battle Drupada was defeated by Arjuna and bound as a slave. Arjuna then brought him as his gift to his teacher.

Drona was delighted. What was the condition of Drupada? He lost not only his kingdom and all wealth, but, even his life was at the mercy of Drona. The two would have found their earlier roles reversed. Drona had no intention of hurting Drupada. Instead, he immediately released him from bondage and seated him next to himself. Then he addressed the defeated king of Panchala with kind words.

Drona said that, as a Brahmin, he did not covet any wealth or power. Instead, he cherished the friendship of his comrade of student days. Since Drupada would entertain friendship only with equals Drona had to take this approach. Actually, the entire kingdom of the Panchalas, won in battle by his students, thus belonged to Drona. But, that was not his intention. He would retain only half of it and return the other half to Drupada. Thus he would become equal to Drupada and qualify for his friendship ! The kingdom of the Panchalas south of the river Ganga would belong to Drona. The other half to the north would remain with Drupada . So saying, Drona sent Drupada back to his palace .

Drupada felt humiliated. At the same time he was also highly impressed by the valour of Arjuna. He wanted to take revenge on Drona for this humiliation and win friendship with the Pandava . We shall see later how Drupada found a way to achieve both these objectives. .